![]() The Internet can be of great assistance in trying to translate Latin. One of these is a 10 part online video called, Latin Handwriting.Īnother resource is the National Archives of England, they have 12 online lessons covering latin records from 1086 to 1733, each lesson provides step by step instructions and is listed under the title of " Learn medieval Latin - Stage 1". Many resources exist that will help you read Latin genealogical records. Latin-English dictionaries are available on each floor of the Family History Library. For further help, use a Latin-English dictionary. This word list includes only the words most commonly found in genealogical sources. The following spelling variations are common in Latin documents:Īdditional Resources Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. For example, the Latin word baptizare (to baptize) will appear with various endings: Words that show action (verbs) also vary depending on who is doing the action and whether the action is past, present, or future. Other noun endings change as follows to show possession:Įxample: sartor (tailor) changes to sartoris (of the tailor) You can conclude that nata est means "she was born." The plural form nati sunt means "they were born."Įxamples and Exceptions filius Similarly, this word list gives only natus est ("he was born"). Thus, given the word famulus (servant), you can conclude that famula is a female servant. This word list usually gives only the masculine form even though a feminine form may occur in Latin records. Some words can be either masculine or feminine, such as patrinus (godfather) and patrina (godmother). nobilis, nobile (noble, known) is listed as nobilis.magnus, magna, magnum (great, large) is listed as magnus.noster, nostra, nostrum (our) is listed as noster.This word list gives only the masculine form of adjectives. For example, in Latin you would write magnus rex (great king), magna aetas (great age), and magnum oppidum (large town). Words that describe persons, places, or things (adjectives) will have either masculine, feminine, or neuter endings to match whatever they describe. ![]() For example, rex (king) is a masculine word, aetas (age) is a feminine word, and oppidum (town) is a neuter word. Latin words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter. Names from both genders can be found in the 3rd declension. Nearly all female names are in the 1st declension. Most male names are in the 2nd declension. The main word endings genealogists need to know are: Each declension has it's own basic pattern for word endings. Latin words are divided into five declensions, but only three are considered here. In English indicated by 'of' or 'sĪ word's ending also varies by whether it is plural or singular. Genitive: the noun possesses or belongs to something else. it is doing the verbĪccusative : when the noun is the object of the sentence, so something else is doing a verb on it. Nominative: when the noun is the subject of the sentence, i.e. ![]() The case of a word describes how it is being used in a sentence. As you read Latin records, be aware that almost all words vary with usage. This word list gives the most commonly seen form of each Latin word. Who-whose- whom or marry-marries-married are examples of words in English with variant forms. Latin is an inflected language, meaning that the endings of words vary according to how the words are used in a sentence. In addition, the Latin used in British records has more abbreviations than the Latin used in European records. Certain terms were commonly used in some countries but not in others. Because Latin was used in so many countries, local usage varied. Latin was used in the records of most European countries and in the Roman Catholic records of the United States and Canada. Nearly all Roman Catholic church records used Latin to some extent. The illumination is a capital letter P since the letters following are ETRUS, making the word PETRUS (Peter in Latin).
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